Draft-5.24.04 URBAN INSTITUTE Justice Policy CenterComprehensive Services for Survivors of Human Trafficking: Findings from Clients in Three Communities Final Report Laudan Y. Aron The Urban Institute Janine M. Zweig The Urban Institute Lisa C. Newmark Crime Victim Consultant FINAL REPORT JUNE 2006 URBAN INSTITUTE Justice Policy Center 2100 M STREET, NW WASHINGTON, DC 20037 www.urban.org The views expressed are those of the authors, and should not be attributed to The Urban Institute, its trustees, or its funders. URBAN INSTITUTE Justice Policy Centre 2100 M Street NW Washington, DC 20037 www.urban.org © 2006 Urban Institute This study was part of a larger study conducted by Caliber, an ICF International Company and was supported through subcontract #S813. The full project was supported by Grant No. 2002-MU-MU-K004 awarded by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Caliber, an ICF International Company, was the lead research organization for the project. The findings presented in this report are part of a larger report incorporating the full findings of the study. The authors would like to thank the staff, interpreters, and, most importantly, the clients of the Comprehensive Services Site grantees who were willing to spend the time to schedule and participate in these interviews. The authors would also like to thank Kevonne Small for her thoughtful review and contribution to the report. Opinions expressed in this document are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the National Institute of Justice, Caliber (an ICF International Company), or the Urban Institute, its trustees, or its funders. 3 CONTENTS Chapter 1: Study Design and Methods ........................................................................................... 5 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 5 Interview Methods ...................................................................................................................... 6 Interview Participants ................................................................................................................. 8 Structure of the Report................................................................................................................ 9 Chapter 2: Needs of Human Trafficking Survivors ...................................................................... 10 Trafficking Survivors’ Service Needs ...................................................................................... 10 Method of Liberation ............................................................................................................ 10 Changing Needs Over Time.................................................................................................. 12 Chapter 3: Survivor Experiences with Services and Outcomes.................................................... 15 Accessing the Service System .................................................................................................. 15 The Service Experience and Client Outcomes.......................................................................... 16 Services Received and Client Satisfaction............................................................................ 16 Safety Outcomes ................................................................................................................... 18 Health Outcomes................................................................................................................... 19 Mental Health Outcomes ...................................................................................................... 20 Autonomous Lifestyles ......................................................................................................... 21 Client Dissatisfaction and Unmet Needs .................................................................................. 21 Unmet Needs Because Clients Did Not Ask for Help .......................................................... 21 Unmet Medical Needs........................................................................................................... 22 Unmet Needs around Culturally-appropriate Food............................................................... 23 Unmet Needs Due to a Mismatch Between Service Planning and Survivor Needs ............. 23 Coordination among Service Providers .................................................................................... 23 Challenges and Barriers to Receiving Effective Services......................................................... 25 Using Non-Trafficking-Specific Services............................................................................. 25 The Quality of Interpretation Services....................